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State profile · EPA SDWIS + UCMR5

North Carolina Drinking Water Quality

5,020 SDWIS-listed systems serve 9,877,724 people. UCMR5 PFAS detection is 49.8% on the tested subset (upper-third UCMR5 detection (> 35.3%)); SDWIS violation rate is 92.9%.

5,020
SDWIS water systems
524,053
Total violations
92.9%
SDWIS systems w/ a violation
49.8%
UCMR5 PFAS rate (287 tested)

The verdict

UCMR5 PFAS detection is 49.8% (143 of 287 tested) - upper-third UCMR5 detection (> 35.3%). According to EPA SDWIS population served, North Carolina ranks #10 of 66 states and territories by people served through public water systems.

#10 of 66
Population · states corpus
524,053
Total EPA violations on record
7%
Health-based (MCL / treatment)
92.9%
SDWIS systems with ≥1 violation

SDWIS violation % and UCMR5 PFAS % use different denominators (full inventory vs tested subset). Population ordinal uses SDWIS population served.

North Carolina standing, mid SDWIS violation-rate third

North Carolina lands in the middle third by violation rate (92.9%) - enough flagged systems for peer comparisons without matching the densest ledgers. Population served is large (9,877,724; larger served population (> 5,131,439)), so household exposure scale sits behind inventory and rate. Health-based share is only 7% - almost all of this trail is monitoring/reporting rather than MCL exceedance. UCMR5 PFAS detection is 49.8% on the tested subset (upper-third UCMR5 detection (> 35.3%)) - a different denominator from the SDWIS violation rate. Systems listed below are ranked by population served or violation count; pair rate with inventory size before reading exposure scale.

Nationwide similar states

Nearest by SDWIS violation rate

Nearest by population served

Health-based share of this violation record

EPA SDWIS classifications for North Carolina's 524,053 recorded violations.

0%100%7.3%
38,492 health-based violations (7.3%) and 485,561 monitoring or reporting violations. Health-based violations are MCL or treatment-technique failures; neither total alone establishes a present household exposure risk.

North Carolina vs nearest violation-rate peers

Share of SDWIS-listed systems with at least one recorded violation; peers are nearest by absolute rate distance, not a fixed top-seven list.

% of systems

What this shows North Carolina's rate is 92.9% (4,663 of 5,020 systems; middle-third rate (≤ 96.1%)). This is a comparison of recorded SDWIS violations, not a measure of current water safety.

Source EPA SDWIS state aggregates As of 2026-05-15

North Carolina vs all jurisdictions by SDWIS system inventory

Where this state's public water system count sits among every state and territory on PlainWater

5,020 10th of 66 higher than 56 of 66 jurisdictions

States and territories, banded by SDWIS-listed public water system count

Each bar is a band; taller bars hold more jurisdictions. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count and share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source EPA SDWIS state aggregates · 2026-05-15

Largest Water Systems

Most Violations

Counties in North Carolina

Mecklenburg
61 systems · 1,181,269 served · 8,081 violations
Wake
437 systems · 1,145,508 served · 42,422 violations
Guilford
202 systems · 489,022 served · 30,107 violations
Forsyth
19 systems · 392,063 served · 2,199 violations
Cumberland
90 systems · 349,358 served · 9,862 violations
Durham
50 systems · 329,624 served · 6,257 violations
Onslow
20 systems · 288,498 served · 2,366 violations
New Hanover
67 systems · 237,607 served · 5,068 violations
Brunswick
27 systems · 234,624 served · 1,546 violations
Union
42 systems · 221,518 served · 3,657 violations
Davidson
8 systems · 212,093 served · 871 violations
Buncombe
106 systems · 205,247 served · 10,869 violations
Johnston
54 systems · 204,441 served · 7,155 violations
Gaston
255 systems · 198,602 served · 26,256 violations
Pitt
15 systems · 172,848 served · 1,946 violations
Cabarrus
68 systems · 154,756 served · 13,403 violations
Harnett
9 systems · 151,047 served · 428 violations
Catawba
148 systems · 145,176 served · 13,944 violations
Iredell
123 systems · 142,971 served · 11,569 violations
Alamance
99 systems · 134,389 served · 11,703 violations
Rowan
195 systems · 133,720 served · 16,867 violations
Craven
15 systems · 125,817 served · 902 violations
Wayne
11 systems · 124,816 served · 1,280 violations
Orange
67 systems · 118,561 served · 11,617 violations
Robeson
13 systems · 109,476 served · 2,256 violations
Cleveland
10 systems · 104,768 served · 1,513 violations
Moore
65 systems · 101,362 served · 16,035 violations
Henderson
106 systems · 94,309 served · 6,924 violations
Nash
54 systems · 81,242 served · 11,276 violations
Burke
51 systems · 75,954 served · 2,095 violations

Showing top 30 of 100 counties.

Context: PFAS in drinking water · methodology · all states

Data sourced from EPA SDWIS and UCMR5 PFAS monitoring data. See our methodology for details. Retrieved and formatted by PlainWater

Every figure on PlainWater is rendered directly from EPA SDWIS drinking-water data, no number is typed in by an editor. This page draws directly on EPA SDWIS data, no figure is typed in by an editor. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error.