CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA

Q: Is CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA water safe to drink?

CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA (PWS ID: VA1167050) has 175 recorded violations in the EPA SDWIS database. PFAS contamination has been detected in UCMR5 testing, with 3 PFAS compounds found. This system serves 5,565 people using Surface Water sources.

Q: How many people does CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA serve?

CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA serves 5,565 people in LEBANON, Virginia. It is a Local-owned system using Surface Water water sources with 1,827 service connections.

Q: What type of violations does CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA have?

CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA has 175 total violations: 8 health-based violations (MCL exceedances or treatment failures), 153 monitoring/reporting violations, and 0 treatment technique violations. Health-based violations indicate contaminant levels exceeded EPA safe limits.

Q: Has PFAS been detected in CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA water?

Yes. UCMR5 testing detected 3 PFAS compounds in CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA's water supply: PFPeA, PFBA, PFHxA. PFAS are persistent "forever chemicals" that do not break down in the environment.

Q: What water source does CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA use?

CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA uses Surface Water as its primary water source. It is classified as a Community Water System (CWS), serving residential populations year-round.

Q: Where does this data come from?

All data comes from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) and the UCMR5 PFAS monitoring program. SDWIS tracks compliance for all public water systems regulated under the Safe Drinking Water Act.

Reviewed byPlainWater Editorial, Drinking Water Quality Editorial Team · June 4, 2026

PWS ID: VA1167050 · LEBANON, Virginia 24266

CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA serves 5,565 people in LEBANON, Virginia using Surface Water water sources. It has 175 recorded EPA violations, including 8 health-based violations. PFAS "forever chemicals" were detected in UCMR5 testing (3 compounds found).

Water Quality Snapshot: CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA

CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA is a local-owned community water system that delivers drinking water to 5,565 residents in LEBANON, Virginia (Russell County) through 1,827 service connections. Its water is drawn from surface water sources. EPA's Safe Drinking Water Information System records 175 total violations for this system , of which 8 (5%) are health-based — meaning a contaminant exceeded an EPA Maximum Contaminant Level or a required treatment technique failed. A further 153 monitoring and reporting violations are on file. The most recent violation on record dates to 2021.

The most frequently cited contaminant at this system is Coliform (TCR), recorded in 16 violations (MR). Under EPA's UCMR5 PFAS monitoring program, 3 PFAS compounds were detected in samples collected from this system, with a maximum reported concentration of 0.0143 ppt. PFAS are persistent synthetic chemicals linked to health effects at very low exposure levels.

Across Virginia, EPA tracks 2,821 public water systems serving 7,911,199 people, with 146,670 cumulative violations and 25,642 health-based violations on record. About 90% of systems in the state carry at least one violation, and state-wide the average per system is 52 violations. CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA's 175 violations sit above the Virginia average. Statewide, 70 of 171 UCMR5-tested systems have reported PFAS detections (40.9%). All figures above are sourced directly from EPA SDWIS and UCMR5 public data releases and are updated as EPA publishes new reporting cycles.

PFAS Detected

3 PFAS "forever chemicals" detected in testing under EPA's UCMR5 monitoring program.

Population Served

5,565

Total Violations

175

Health-Based Violations

Water Source

Surface Water

System Details

System Type: Community
Owner Type: Local
Connections: 1,827
County: Russell
School/Daycare: No
MCL Violations: 8
Monitoring Violations: 153
Treatment Tech Violations: 0

Violation History

Contaminant violations recorded by EPA.

Contaminant	Category	Count	Latest
Coliform (TCR)	MR	16	2008
TTHM	MR	12	2018
Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)	MR	12	2018
Chlorine	MR	12	2017
Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule	MR	8	2007
Coliform (TCR)	MCL	8	2010
Nitrate	MR	4	2002
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene	MR	4	2009
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene	MR	4	2009
Xylenes, Total	MR	4	2009
DICHLOROMETHANE	MR	4	2009
o-Dichlorobenzene	MR	4	2009
p-Dichlorobenzene	MR	4	2009
Vinyl chloride	MR	4	2009
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene	MR	4	2009
1,2-Dichloroethane	MR	4	2009
1,1,1-Trichloroethane	MR	4	2009
1,2-Dichloropropane	MR	4	2009
Trichloroethylene	MR	4	2009
Benzene	MR	4	2009
Toluene	MR	4	2009
Tetrachloroethylene	MR	4	2009
Ethylbenzene	MR	4	2009
Carbon tetrachloride	MR	4	2009
CHLOROBENZENE	MR	4	2009
1,1,2-Trichloroethane	MR	4	2009
Styrene	MR	4	2009
1,1-Dichloroethylene	MR	4	2009
Revised Total Coliform Rule	MON	3	2017
Lead and Copper Rule	MR	2	2021

PFAS Testing Results (UCMR5)

Results from EPA's Fifth Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule. 3 of 240 samples detected PFAS.

Contaminant	Date	Result	MRL	Status
ADONA	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
PFBA	9/25/2023	<0.005 µg/L	0.005 µg/L	Not Detected
4:2 FTS	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
8:2 FTS	9/25/2023	<0.005 µg/L	0.005 µg/L	Not Detected
PFMPA	9/25/2023	<0.004 µg/L	0.004 µg/L	Not Detected
PFPeA	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
PFEESA	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
PFTrDA	9/25/2023	<0.007 µg/L	0.007 µg/L	Not Detected
9Cl-PF3ONS	9/25/2023	<0.002 µg/L	0.002 µg/L	Not Detected
PFMBA	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
PFNA	9/25/2023	<0.004 µg/L	0.004 µg/L	Not Detected
6:2 FTS	9/25/2023	<0.005 µg/L	0.005 µg/L	Not Detected
NFDHA	9/25/2023	<0.02 µg/L	0.02 µg/L	Not Detected
lithium	9/25/2023	<9 µg/L	9 µg/L	Not Detected
PFTA	9/25/2023	<0.008 µg/L	0.008 µg/L	Not Detected
NEtFOSAA	9/25/2023	<0.005 µg/L	0.005 µg/L	Not Detected
PFBS	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
NMeFOSAA	9/25/2023	<0.006 µg/L	0.006 µg/L	Not Detected
PFHxS	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
11Cl-PF3OUdS	9/25/2023	<0.005 µg/L	0.005 µg/L	Not Detected
PFOS	9/25/2023	<0.004 µg/L	0.004 µg/L	Not Detected
PFOA	9/25/2023	<0.004 µg/L	0.004 µg/L	Not Detected
PFDA	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
PFDoA	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
PFHxA	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
PFUnA	9/25/2023	<0.002 µg/L	0.002 µg/L	Not Detected
PFHpA	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
PFHpS	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
HFPO-DA	9/25/2023	<0.005 µg/L	0.005 µg/L	Not Detected
PFPeS	9/25/2023	<0.004 µg/L	0.004 µg/L	Not Detected
PFMPA	9/25/2023	<0.004 µg/L	0.004 µg/L	Not Detected
NMeFOSAA	9/25/2023	<0.006 µg/L	0.006 µg/L	Not Detected
NEtFOSAA	9/25/2023	<0.005 µg/L	0.005 µg/L	Not Detected
PFTrDA	9/25/2023	<0.007 µg/L	0.007 µg/L	Not Detected
PFHpS	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
PFPeS	9/25/2023	<0.004 µg/L	0.004 µg/L	Not Detected
NFDHA	9/25/2023	<0.02 µg/L	0.02 µg/L	Not Detected
PFEESA	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
PFPeA	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
8:2 FTS	9/25/2023	<0.005 µg/L	0.005 µg/L	Not Detected
4:2 FTS	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
6:2 FTS	9/25/2023	<0.005 µg/L	0.005 µg/L	Not Detected
PFBA	9/25/2023	<0.005 µg/L	0.005 µg/L	Not Detected
HFPO-DA	9/25/2023	<0.005 µg/L	0.005 µg/L	Not Detected
PFBS	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
lithium	9/25/2023	<9 µg/L	9 µg/L	Not Detected
PFMBA	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
PFTA	9/25/2023	<0.008 µg/L	0.008 µg/L	Not Detected
ADONA	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected
PFHpA	9/25/2023	<0.003 µg/L	0.003 µg/L	Not Detected

Verify This Water System

The figures above are aggregated from EPA's public databases. To verify the underlying records — or to file a complaint, request a Consumer Confidence Report, or check current monitoring status — go directly to the federal and state regulators that enforce the Safe Drinking Water Act for CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA.

Federal Source of Truth

EPA SDWIS — Federal Reports

EPA's Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) holds the federal compliance record for every regulated public water system. Open the system-level report by PWS ID:

View PWS ID VA1167050 on SDWIS

Source: EPA SDWIS Federal Reports Search

State Regulator

Virginia Drinking Water Authority

Virginia Department of Health — Office of Drinking Water is the primacy agency that licenses and inspects CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA under EPA-delegated authority.

Open VA regulator portal

Source: Virginia Department of Health — Office of Drinking Water

Violation Timeline

Each row links to the EPA SDWIS public record for verification. Cross-reference the contaminant code on EPA's federal report to see violation dates, return-to-compliance status, and enforcement actions.

Year (latest)	Contaminant	Category	Count	EPA Record
2021	Lead and Copper Rule	MR	2	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 5000
2020	Consumer Confidence Rule	Other	2	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 7000
2018	TTHM	MR	12	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 2950
2018	Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)	MR	12	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 2456
2017	Chlorine	MR	12	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 0999
2017	Revised Total Coliform Rule	MON	3	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 8000
2010	Coliform (TCR)	MCL	8	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 3100
2009	1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene	MR	4	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 2378
2009	cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene	MR	4	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 2380
2009	Xylenes, Total	MR	4	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 2955
2009	DICHLOROMETHANE	MR	4	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 2964
2009	o-Dichlorobenzene	MR	4	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 2968
2009	p-Dichlorobenzene	MR	4	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 2969
2009	Vinyl chloride	MR	4	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 2976
2009	trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene	MR	4	SDWIS / VA1167050 / 2979

How CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA Compares

Cross-reference this system's record against state averages and the federal MCL framework for context.

Metric	CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA	Virginia avg	Federal benchmark
Total violations	175	52	SDWA compliance — any non-zero count is a recorded breach
Health-based violations	8	9.1	Indicates a contaminant exceeded a federal MCL
PFAS detection	3 compounds	40.9%	EPA final rule (2024): PFOA/PFOS MCL = 4.0 ppt
Population served	5,565	2,804	Sizing context for compliance burden

Sources: EPA SDWIS and EPA National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (40 CFR Part 141). State averages computed across 2,821 regulated public water systems in Virginia.

Federal MCL reference — Safe Drinking Water Act thresholds ▼

Contaminant	Federal MCL / Action Level	Note
Lead	0 mg/L (Action Level: 0.015 mg/L)	Lead and Copper Rule treatment technique
Arsenic	0.010 mg/L (10 ppb)	Health-based MCL since 2006
Total Coliform	Treatment technique (RTCR)	Indicator organism, monitoring trigger
PFOA / PFOS (PFAS)	4.0 ppt each (final 2024 rule)	Compliance deadline 2029
Nitrate (as N)	10 mg/L	Acute health risk for infants

Frequently Asked Questions

Is CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA water safe to drink? ▼

CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA (PWS ID: VA1167050) has 175 recorded violations in the EPA SDWIS database. PFAS contamination has been detected in UCMR5 testing, with 3 PFAS compounds found. This system serves 5,565 people using Surface Water sources.

How many people does CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA serve? ▼

CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA serves 5,565 people in LEBANON, Virginia. It is a Local-owned system using Surface Water water sources with 1,827 service connections.

What type of violations does CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA have? ▼

CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA has 175 total violations: 8 health-based violations (MCL exceedances or treatment failures), 153 monitoring/reporting violations, and 0 treatment technique violations. Health-based violations indicate contaminant levels exceeded EPA safe limits.

Has PFAS been detected in CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA water? ▼

Yes. UCMR5 testing detected 3 PFAS compounds in CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA's water supply: PFPeA, PFBA, PFHxA. PFAS are persistent "forever chemicals" that do not break down in the environment.

What water source does CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA use? ▼

CASTLEWOOD - RCPSA uses Surface Water as its primary water source. It is classified as a Community Water System (CWS), serving residential populations year-round.

Where does this data come from? ▼

All data comes from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) and the UCMR5 PFAS monitoring program. SDWIS tracks compliance for all public water systems regulated under the Safe Drinking Water Act.

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Data Sources: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS), Q4 2025. PFAS data from EPA UCMR5 monitoring program (2023-2025). This data is provided for informational purposes only.

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