REFUGIO COUNTY WCID 1
PWS ID: TX1960004 · TIVOLI, Texas 77990-0397
REFUGIO COUNTY WCID 1 serves 665 people in TIVOLI, Texas using Groundwater water sources. It has 185 recorded EPA violations, including 129 health-based violations. No PFAS contamination was detected in UCMR5 testing.
Water Quality Snapshot: REFUGIO COUNTY WCID 1
REFUGIO COUNTY WCID 1 is a local-owned community water system that delivers drinking water to 665 residents in TIVOLI, Texas (Refugio County) through 213 service connections. Its water is drawn from groundwater sources. EPA's Safe Drinking Water Information System records 185 total violations for this system , of which 129 (70%) are health-based — meaning a contaminant exceeded an EPA Maximum Contaminant Level or a required treatment technique failed. A further 45 monitoring and reporting violations are on file. The most recent violation on record dates to 2025.
The most frequently cited contaminant at this system is Arsenic, recorded in 126 violations (MCL, health-based). This system has not yet been sampled under EPA's UCMR5 PFAS monitoring program, so no PFAS detection data is available here.
Across Texas, EPA tracks 7,351 public water systems serving 33,253,313 people, with 746,210 cumulative violations and 162,945 health-based violations on record. About 90% of systems in the state carry at least one violation, and state-wide the average per system is 101.5 violations. REFUGIO COUNTY WCID 1's 185 violations sit above the Texas average. Statewide, 1,068 of 1,147 UCMR5-tested systems have reported PFAS detections (93.1%). All figures above are sourced directly from EPA SDWIS and UCMR5 public data releases and are updated as EPA publishes new reporting cycles.
System Details
- System Type
- Community
- Owner Type
- Local
- Connections
- 213
- County
- Refugio
- School/Daycare
- No
- MCL Violations
- 129
- Monitoring Violations
- 45
- Treatment Tech Violations
- 0
Violation History
Contaminant violations recorded by EPA.
| Contaminant | Category | Count | Latest |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arsenic | MCL | 126 | 2016 |
| Lead and Copper Rule | MR | 38 | 2025 |
| Coliform (TCR) | MR | 4 | 2010 |
| E. COLI | MR | 3 | 2019 |
| Fluoride | MCL | 3 | 1984 |
| Public Notice | Other | 1 | 2019 |
Verify This Water System
The figures above are aggregated from EPA's public databases. To verify the underlying records — or to file a complaint, request a Consumer Confidence Report, or check current monitoring status — go directly to the federal and state regulators that enforce the Safe Drinking Water Act for REFUGIO COUNTY WCID 1.
EPA SDWIS — Federal Reports
EPA's Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) holds the federal compliance record for every regulated public water system. Open the system-level report by PWS ID:
View PWS ID TX1960004 on SDWISSource: EPA SDWIS Federal Reports Search
Texas Drinking Water Authority
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) — Drinking Water Watch is the primacy agency that licenses and inspects REFUGIO COUNTY WCID 1 under EPA-delegated authority.
Open TX regulator portalSource: Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) — Drinking Water Watch
Violation Timeline
Each row links to the EPA SDWIS public record for verification. Cross-reference the contaminant code on EPA's federal report to see violation dates, return-to-compliance status, and enforcement actions.
| Year (latest) | Contaminant | Category | Count | EPA Record |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Lead and Copper Rule | MR | 38 | SDWIS / TX1960004 / 5000 |
| 2019 | E. COLI | MR | 3 | SDWIS / TX1960004 / 3014 |
| 2019 | Public Notice | Other | 1 | SDWIS / TX1960004 / 7500 |
| 2016 | Arsenic | MCL | 126 | SDWIS / TX1960004 / 1005 |
| 2010 | Coliform (TCR) | MR | 4 | SDWIS / TX1960004 / 3100 |
| 1984 | Fluoride | MCL | 3 | SDWIS / TX1960004 / 1025 |
How REFUGIO COUNTY WCID 1 Compares
Cross-reference this system's record against state averages and the federal MCL framework for context.
| Metric | REFUGIO COUNTY WCID 1 | Texas avg | Federal benchmark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total violations | 185 | 101.5 | SDWA compliance — any non-zero count is a recorded breach |
| Health-based violations | 129 | 22.2 | Indicates a contaminant exceeded a federal MCL |
| PFAS detection | None | 93.1% | EPA final rule (2024): PFOA/PFOS MCL = 4.0 ppt |
| Population served | 665 | 4,524 | Sizing context for compliance burden |
Sources: EPA SDWIS and EPA National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (40 CFR Part 141). State averages computed across 7,351 regulated public water systems in Texas.
Federal MCL reference — Safe Drinking Water Act thresholds ▼
| Contaminant | Federal MCL / Action Level | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Lead | 0 mg/L (Action Level: 0.015 mg/L) | Lead and Copper Rule treatment technique |
| Arsenic | 0.010 mg/L (10 ppb) | Health-based MCL since 2006 |
| Total Coliform | Treatment technique (RTCR) | Indicator organism, monitoring trigger |
| PFOA / PFOS (PFAS) | 4.0 ppt each (final 2024 rule) | Compliance deadline 2029 |
| Nitrate (as N) | 10 mg/L | Acute health risk for infants |
Frequently Asked Questions
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Related Data for Texas
Read our methodology — how this data is sourced, computed, and verified.