Community Water System · PWS MI0004760
Pennfield Township
Battle Creek, Michigan 49017 - drinking water served from groundwater sources to 3,916 people, tracked in EPA SDWIS and UCMR5.
- 3,916
- People served
- 93
- EPA violations
- 0
- Health-based
- No PFAS
- UCMR5 result
The verdict
EPA records 93 drinking-water violations at Pennfield Township - above the Michigan per-system average.
- 93
- Total EPA violations on record
- 0%
- Health-based (MCL / treatment failure)
- 3,916
- People served by this system
- 0
- PFAS compounds detected (UCMR5)
Water Quality Snapshot: Pennfield Township
Pennfield Township is a local-owned community water system that delivers drinking water to 3,916 residents in Battle Creek, Michigan (Calhoun County) through 665 service connections. Its water is drawn from groundwater sources. EPA's Safe Drinking Water Information System records 93 total violations for this system , of which 0 (0%) are health-based, meaning a contaminant exceeded an EPA Maximum Contaminant Level or a required treatment technique failed. A further 92 monitoring and reporting violations are on file. The most recent violation on record dates to 2021.
The most frequently cited contaminant at this system is cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene, recorded in 4 violations (MR). This system was sampled under EPA's UCMR5 PFAS monitoring program and no PFAS compounds were detected above the minimum reporting level.
Across Michigan, EPA tracks 10,959 public water systems serving 9,098,093 people, with 255,201 cumulative violations and 31,467 health-based violations on record. About 86% of systems in the state carry at least one violation, and state-wide the average per system is 23.3 violations. Statewide, 87 of 318 UCMR5-tested systems have reported PFAS detections (27.4%).
Pennfield Township's 93 violations sit above the Michigan average.
All figures above are sourced directly from EPA SDWIS and UCMR5 public data releases and are updated as EPA publishes new reporting cycles.
System Details
- System Type
- Community
- Owner Type
- Local
- Connections
- 665
- County
- Calhoun
- School/Daycare
- No
- MCL Violations
- 0
- Monitoring Violations
- 92
- Treatment Tech Violations
- 0
Violation History
Contaminant violations recorded by EPA.
| Contaminant | Category | Count | Latest |
|---|---|---|---|
| cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| Xylenes, Total | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| DICHLOROMETHANE | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| p-Dichlorobenzene | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| Vinyl chloride | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| 1,1-Dichloroethylene | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| 1,1,1-Trichloroethane | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| Trichloroethylene | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| 1,1,2-Trichloroethane | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| Tetrachloroethylene | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| Toluene | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| Ethylbenzene | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| Styrene | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| Coliform (TCR) | MR | 4 | 2002 |
| CHLOROBENZENE | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| Benzene | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| Carbon tetrachloride | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| 1,2-Dichloroethane | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| Arsenic | MR | 4 | 2005 |
| o-Dichlorobenzene | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| 1,2-Dichloropropane | MR | 4 | 2021 |
| trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene | MR | 4 | 2021 |
PFAS Testing Results (UCMR5)
Results from EPA's Fifth Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule. 0 of 58 samples detected PFAS.
| Contaminant | Date | Result | MRL | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PFHpS | 8/12/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| 8:2 FTS | 8/12/2024 | <5.00 ppt | 5.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| NFDHA | 8/12/2024 | <20.00 ppt | 20.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| 4:2 FTS | 8/12/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFPeS | 8/12/2024 | <4.00 ppt | 4.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFPeA | 8/12/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| 9Cl-PF3ONS | 8/12/2024 | <2.00 ppt | 2.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFBS | 8/12/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| NMeFOSAA | 8/12/2024 | <6.00 ppt | 6.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| NEtFOSAA | 8/12/2024 | <5.00 ppt | 5.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFTrDA | 8/12/2024 | <7.00 ppt | 7.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFTA | 8/12/2024 | <8.00 ppt | 8.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| 6:2 FTS | 8/12/2024 | <5.00 ppt | 5.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFEESA | 8/12/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFDoA | 8/12/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| 11Cl-PF3OUdS | 8/12/2024 | <5.00 ppt | 5.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFUnA | 8/12/2024 | <2.00 ppt | 2.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFHxA | 8/12/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| ADONA | 8/12/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFMBA | 8/12/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFMPA | 8/12/2024 | <4.00 ppt | 4.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFBA | 8/12/2024 | <5.00 ppt | 5.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFDA | 8/12/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFOA | 8/12/2024 | <4.00 ppt | 4.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFOS | 8/12/2024 | <4.00 ppt | 4.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFNA | 8/12/2024 | <4.00 ppt | 4.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFHxS | 8/12/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFHpA | 8/12/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| HFPO-DA | 8/12/2024 | <5.00 ppt | 5.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| ADONA | 2/13/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| NMeFOSAA | 2/13/2024 | <6.00 ppt | 6.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| NEtFOSAA | 2/13/2024 | <5.00 ppt | 5.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFTrDA | 2/13/2024 | <7.00 ppt | 7.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFTA | 2/13/2024 | <8.00 ppt | 8.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFHpS | 2/13/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFPeS | 2/13/2024 | <4.00 ppt | 4.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| NFDHA | 2/13/2024 | <20.00 ppt | 20.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFEESA | 2/13/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFMBA | 2/13/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFPeA | 2/13/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFMPA | 2/13/2024 | <4.00 ppt | 4.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| 8:2 FTS | 2/13/2024 | <5.00 ppt | 5.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFBA | 2/13/2024 | <5.00 ppt | 5.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| 6:2 FTS | 2/13/2024 | <5.00 ppt | 5.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| 9Cl-PF3ONS | 2/13/2024 | <2.00 ppt | 2.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| 11Cl-PF3OUdS | 2/13/2024 | <5.00 ppt | 5.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFUnA | 2/13/2024 | <2.00 ppt | 2.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFHxA | 2/13/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFDoA | 2/13/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
| PFDA | 2/13/2024 | <3.00 ppt | 3.00 ppt | Not Detected |
Verify This Water System
The figures above are aggregated from EPA's public databases. To verify the underlying records, or to file a complaint, request a Consumer Confidence Report, or check current monitoring status, go directly to the federal and state regulators that enforce the Safe Drinking Water Act for Pennfield Township.
EPA SDWIS, Federal Reports
EPA's Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) holds the federal compliance record for every regulated public water system. Open the system-level report by PWS ID:
View PWS ID MI0004760 on SDWISSource: EPA SDWIS Federal Reports Search
Michigan Drinking Water Authority
Michigan EGLE, Drinking Water and Environmental Health Division is the primacy agency that licenses and inspects Pennfield Township under EPA-delegated authority.
Open MI regulator portalSource: Michigan EGLE, Drinking Water and Environmental Health Division
Violation Timeline
Each row links to the EPA SDWIS public record for verification. Cross-reference the contaminant code on EPA's federal report to see violation dates, return-to-compliance status, and enforcement actions.
| Year (latest) | Contaminant | Category | Count | EPA Record |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2380 |
| 2021 | Xylenes, Total | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2955 |
| 2021 | DICHLOROMETHANE | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2964 |
| 2021 | p-Dichlorobenzene | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2969 |
| 2021 | Vinyl chloride | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2976 |
| 2021 | 1,1-Dichloroethylene | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2977 |
| 2021 | 1,1,1-Trichloroethane | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2981 |
| 2021 | Trichloroethylene | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2984 |
| 2021 | 1,1,2-Trichloroethane | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2985 |
| 2021 | Tetrachloroethylene | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2987 |
| 2021 | Toluene | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2991 |
| 2021 | Ethylbenzene | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2992 |
| 2021 | Styrene | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2996 |
| 2021 | CHLOROBENZENE | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2989 |
| 2021 | Benzene | MR | 4 | SDWIS / MI0004760 / 2990 |
How Pennfield Township Compares
Cross-reference this system's record against state averages and the federal MCL framework for context.
| Metric | Pennfield Township | Michigan avg | Federal benchmark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total violations | 93 | 23.3 | SDWA compliance, any non-zero count is a recorded breach |
| Health-based violations | 0 | 2.9 | Indicates a contaminant exceeded a federal MCL |
| PFAS detection | None | 27.4% | EPA final rule (2024): PFOA/PFOS MCL = 4.0 ppt |
| Population served | 3,916 | 830 | Sizing context for compliance burden |
Sources: EPA SDWIS and EPA National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (40 CFR Part 141). State averages computed across 10,959 regulated public water systems in Michigan.
Federal MCL reference, Safe Drinking Water Act thresholds ▼
| Contaminant | Federal MCL / Action Level | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Lead | 0 mg/L (Action Level: 0.015 mg/L) | Lead and Copper Rule treatment technique |
| Arsenic | 0.010 mg/L (10 ppb) | Health-based MCL since 2006 |
| Total Coliform | Treatment technique (RTCR) | Indicator organism, monitoring trigger |
| PFOA / PFOS (PFAS) | 4.0 ppt each (final 2024 rule) | Compliance deadline 2029 (EPA proposed extending to 2031, not yet final as of May 2026) |
| Nitrate (as N) | 10 mg/L | Acute health risk for infants |
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Pennfield Township water safe to drink? ▼
How many people does Pennfield Township serve? ▼
What type of violations does Pennfield Township have? ▼
Has PFAS been detected in Pennfield Township water? ▼
What water source does Pennfield Township use? ▼
Where does this data come from? ▼
Read our methodology - how this data is sourced, computed, and verified.
Every figure on PlainWater is rendered directly from EPA SDWIS drinking-water data, no number is typed in by an editor. This system's figures are rendered directly from EPA SDWIS data, no figure is typed in by an editor. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error.